What is a Reefer Trailer

What is a Reefer Trailer

A reefer trailer, short for refrigerated trailer, is a specialized type of semi-trailer designed to transport temperature-controlled cargo. These trailers are equipped with refrigeration units that maintain precise temperature and humidity levels, ensuring the safe and timely delivery of perishable goods such as fresh produce, frozen foods, and pharmaceuticals.
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Why Are Reefer Trailers Important?

Reefer trailers play a crucial role in the global supply chain, allowing for the long-distance transportation of perishable goods without compromising their quality. By maintaining optimal temperature and humidity conditions, these trailers help to prevent spoilage, reduce food waste, and ensure the availability of fresh and healthy products to consumers worldwide.


Refrigerated freight, which involves refrigerated trucking, has significant implications for both drivers and carriers. It offers the benefit of transporting temperature-sensitive goods, ensuring product integrity during transit, and providing economic stability in contrast to other freight sectors.

How Does a Reefer Trailer's Refrigeration Unit Work?

A reefer trailer’s refrigeration system works similarly to a home refrigerator but on a much larger scale. The system typically consists of:

  • Refrigeration unit: This unit generates cold air by removing heat from the air, allowing the redistribution of colder air throughout the trailer to maintain products at their specified temperatures.
  • Evaporator coils: These coils absorb heat from the trailer’s interior.
  • Condenser coils: These coils release heat to the outside air.
  • Compressor: This component circulates refrigerant through the system.

The refrigerated container can be diesel-powered or electric, depending on the specific transportation needs. Operating in cycles reduces diesel consumption, though it may result in increased temperature variance, which is important to consider for different types of cargo that require specific temperature stability.

Types of Reefer Trailers

There are several types of reefer trailers​, specialized transport vehicles designed to maintain temperature for perishable and temperature-sensitive goods, each designed to meet specific transportation needs:

  1. Full Reefer Trailer: This is the most common type of reefer trailer, equipped with a self-contained refrigeration unit that can maintain a wide range of temperatures.
  2. Multi-Temperature Reefer Trailer: This type of trailer can be divided into compartments with different temperature zones, allowing for the simultaneous transportation of various temperature-sensitive products.
  3. Mechanical Reefer Trailer: These trailers use a diesel engine to power the refrigeration unit, making them suitable for long-haul transportation.
  4. Electric Reefer Trailer: These trailers rely on electric power to operate the refrigeration unit, making them more environmentally friendly and quieter.

Reefer units primarily function to maintain specific temperatures for sensitive cargo, ensuring the integrity of perishable goods throughout the transportation process.

Key Features of Reefer Trailers

Reefer trailers have several key features that make them ideal for transporting temperature-sensitive goods. These features include:

  • Insulated walls and floors: These minimize heat transfer, helping to maintain the internal temperature.
  • Refrigeration unit: This unit ensures a consistent temperature is maintained within the trailer.
  • Air pressure systems: These systems ensure even air circulation and temperature distribution throughout the trailer.
  • Temperature control systems: These allow for precise temperature settings, ensuring the cargo remains at the optimal temperature.
  • Monitoring systems: These track temperature and humidity levels during transportation, providing real-time data to ensure the cargo’s safety.

These features collectively ensure that reefer trailers can effectively transport temperature-sensitive goods, maintaining their quality and safety.

Benefits of Using Reefer Trailers

Reefer trailers offer several benefits for shippers and carriers, including:

  • Preservation of product quality and safety: By maintaining the required temperature, reefer trailers help preserve the quality and safety of the cargo.
  • Reduced risk of spoilage and damage: Consistent temperature control reduces the risk of spoilage and damage to perishable goods.
  • Increased customer satisfaction: Delivering products in optimal condition leads to higher customer satisfaction.
  • Compliance with regulatory requirements: Reefer trailers help ensure compliance with regulatory requirements for temperature-controlled transportation.
  • Cost savings: Reduced product loss and damage translate to cost savings for shippers and carriers.

These benefits highlight the importance of using reefer trailers for transporting temperature-sensitive goods.

Common Uses for Reefer Trailers

Reefer trailers are commonly used for transporting a wide range of temperature-sensitive goods, including:

  • Perishable foods: Such as meat, dairy products, and produce.
  • Pharmaceuticals and medical supplies: Ensuring they remain effective and safe for use.
  • Chemicals and hazardous materials: Requiring specific temperature controls to remain stable.
  • Temperature-sensitive electronics and equipment: Preventing damage from temperature fluctuations.
  • Flowers and plants: Maintaining their freshness and quality during transport.

Reefer trailers are also used for transporting goods that require specific temperature controls, such as frozen foods, chilled beverages, and temperature-sensitive chemicals. Their versatility makes them an essential component in the transportation of a wide variety of temperature-sensitive products.

How to Buy a Used Reefer Trailer for Temperature Sensitive Goods

If you’re considering purchasing a used reefer trailer and want to know how to buy a used trailer, there are a few things to keep in mind:

  1. Inspect the Trailer Thoroughly: Check for signs of damage, rust, and wear and tear. Pay close attention to the refrigeration unit, tires, and brakes.
  2. Verify the Trailer’s History: Request a vehicle history report to ensure that the trailer has been well-maintained and has not been involved in any accidents.
  3. Test the Refrigeration Unit: Make sure the refrigeration unit is functioning correctly and has adequate temperature controls to maintain the desired temperature range.
  4. Consider the Cost of Ownership: When budgeting for a used reefer trailer, factor in the cost of fuel, maintenance, and repairs.

Route One Trailers: Your One-Stop Shop for Reefer Trailers and More

At Route One Trailers, we offer a wide range of new and used reefer trailers to meet the diverse needs of our customers. Whether you’re a small business owner or a large fleet operator, we have the right trailer for you.


Handling reefer cargo involves complexities and challenges such as careful temperature management, maintenance of refrigeration units, and potential delays in loading and unloading. Adhering to temperature guidelines is crucial to avoid spoilage and manage the additional costs associated with transporting refrigerated goods.


In addition to reefer trailers, we also offer a variety of other cargo equipment at our truck store, including:

  • Dry vans
  • Flatbeds
  • Tank trailers
  • Specialized trailers

Our experienced team can help you select the perfect trailer for your business and provide ongoing maintenance and repair services to keep your fleet running smoothly.


Reefer trailers are essential for the transportation of perishable goods. By understanding the different types of trailers and considering factors like fuel efficiency and environmental impact, you can make informed decisions when purchasing or leasing a reefer trailer.